| Gren the cake |
01-24-2005 04:50 PM |
*sigh*
Jean Piaget... Stages of Cognitive Development
1- SENSORY MOTOR (0-2 years) Moves from Egocentrism to differentiation of self and objects.
Links successive perceptual states one by one.
2- PRE-OPERATIONAL (2-7 years) The child's perception of events and objects is highly influenced by how the child "SEES" the event rather than on the logical assessment of the event. What he sees is what he believes. Characterized by these processes:
Egocentrism-- an inability to look at situations from someone else's perspective.
Centration-- centers on parts - not the whole in relationship to the parts.
Static-- Centers on states of existence rather than the transitions or changes between states. Sees the process as isolated events and isolated states, believes in the magical transformation.
Irreversibility-- Cannot reverse a sequence of events back to its logical origin.
3- CONCRETE OPERATIONAL (7-11 years) The child is able to consider logical conclusions along with the visual perception of an event, although the event is seen in concrete terms. The child's ability to think abstractly is yet to come, we hope. Characterized by these processes:
Relativism-- an ability to see situations from the relative perceptions of others.
Decentration -- Sees the whole in relationship to the parts
Dynamic -- Attuned to changes in transformation of states, not just the states of the event themselves.
Reversibility -- Can reverse a series of logical events to its origin.
Representational thought emerges and stabilizes. The ability to manipulate objects through mental representation. To think of objects and mentally manipulate those objects.
4- FORMAL OPERATIONAL (11-15 years into adulthood) The child becomes oriented toward reality and is capable of abstract thought, thinking in terms of hypothetical abstraction.
can deal with complex problems of reasoning.
can imagine the many possibilities inherent in a situation.
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